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Ushaw College

Coordinates: 54°47′17″N 1°39′40″W / 54.78818°N 1.66116°W / 54.78818; -1.66116
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Ushaw: Historic House, Chapels & Gardens
Formerly Ushaw College
Main Building
Ushaw: Historic House, Chapels & Gardens is located in County Durham
Ushaw: Historic House, Chapels & Gardens
Ushaw: Historic House, Chapels & Gardens
54°47′17″N 1°39′40″W / 54.78818°N 1.66116°W / 54.78818; -1.66116
LocationUshaw Moor, Durham
CountryUK
DenominationRoman Catholic
Websitewww.ushaw.org
History
Former name(s)English College, Douai
StatusTheological College
FoundedSeptember 29, 1568 (1568-09-29)
Founder(s)Bishop William Gibson
DedicationSaint Cuthbert
ConsecratedSeptember 1808
Architecture
Functional statusClosed as college, open as visitor attraction
Heritage designationGrade II with parts Grade II* and St Michael's Chapel Grade I[1]
Designated17 January 1967 (main block and college chapel; other parts, including St Michael's Chapel, added 24 June 1987)
Architect(s)James Taylor
Dunn and Hansom
StyleGothic Revival
Groundbreaking23 April 1804
Completed2 August 1808
ClosedJune 2011
Administration
ProvinceLiverpool
DioceseHexham and Newcastle
Episcopal areaSunderland and East Durham
DeanerySt Cuthbert
ParishSt Joseph's, Ushaw Moor
College Arms

Ushaw College (formally St Cuthbert's College, Ushaw) is a former Catholic seminary, which until 2011 was also a licensed hall of residence of Durham University near the village of Ushaw Moor, County Durham, England, which is now a heritage and cultural tourist attraction. The college is known for its Georgian and Victorian Gothic architecture and listed nineteenth-century chapels. The college now hosts a programme of art exhibitions, music and theatre events, alongside tearooms and a café.

It was founded in 1808 by scholars from the English College, Douai, who had fled France after the French Revolution. Ushaw College was affiliated with Durham University from 1968 and was the principal Roman Catholic seminary for the training of Catholic priests in the north of England.

In 2011, the seminary closed, due to the shortage of vocations. It reopened as a visitor attraction, marketed as Ushaw: Historic House, Chapels & Gardens in late 2014 and, as of 2023, receives over 100,000 visitors a year. The County Durham Music Service and Durham University Centre for Evaluation and Monitoring are based at the college and buildings at the college are also used by Durham University Business School.[2][3]

History

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Founding

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The English College, Douai was founded in 1568 but was forced to leave France in 1795 following the French Revolution. Part of the college settled temporarily at Crook Hall near Lanchester, northwest of Durham. In 1804 Bishop William Gibson began to build at Ushaw Moor, four miles west of Durham. These buildings, designed by James Taylor, were opened as St Cuthbert's College in 1808. There was a steady expansion during the nineteenth century with new buildings put up to cater for the expanding number of clerical and secular students. In 1847, the newly built chapel, designed by Augustus Welby Northmore Pugin was opened.[4] This was followed by the Big Library and Exhibition Hall designed by Joseph Hansom, 1849–1851.[5] The Junior House, designed by Peter Paul Pugin, was added in 1859. St Cuthbert's Chapel, designed by Dunn and Hansom, was opened in 1884, replacing AWN Pugin's 1847 chapel which the seminary had outgrown. The Refectory was designed and built by E. W. Pugin. The final development came in the early 1960s with the opening of a new East wing, providing additional classrooms and single bedrooms for 75 students. The main college buildings are Grade II listed, the College Chapel is Grade II* and the Chapel of St Michael is Grade I.

University of Durham

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Although independent, Ushaw College had a close working relationship with Durham University. The college became a Licensed Hall of Residence of the University of Durham in 1968. It was independent of the university but offered courses validated by the university, and both Church and lay students studied at the college. The Junior House closed in 1972, its younger students being transferred to St Joseph's College, Up Holland in Lancashire.

21st Century

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St Cuthbert's Chapel
Refectory

In 2002, the college rejected a report from the Roman Catholic hierarchy that it should merge with St Mary's College, Oscott, near Birmingham.[6] However, in October 2010 it was announced that the college would close in 2011 due to the shortage of vocations in the Roman Catholic Church, and that the site might be sold.[7] Following a detailed feasibility study by the college's Trustees and Durham University, and with support from Durham County Council and English Heritage,[8][9] it was announced in January 2012 that Durham Business School would temporarily relocate to the college during rebuilding of the school's buildings in Durham. This was seen as the first step in a long-term education-based vision for the site.[10]

The university also agreed to catalogue and archive the Ushaw library and inventory the other collections to ensure their preservation and specialist conservation,[11] with a view to creating a proposed Ushaw Centre for Catholic Scholarship and Heritage.[8] In March 2019, an uncatalogued early charter of King John was found in the library manuscript collection.[12]

In 2017, Durham University announced plans to develop an international residential research library at Ushaw College, with the aim of attracting scholars from around the world to work on the collections of Ushaw, Durham University and Durham Cathedral. The university has also confirmed that it has extended the agreement to lease the east wing of the college (used by the Business School) to 2027.[13] The college is also used for numerous musical events and for the Ushaw Lecture Series, organised by the university's Centre for Catholic Studies.[14]

In 2018, Durham University's Centre for Evaluation and Monitoring (CEM) moved into the east wing of the college, previously used by the Business School.[3]

The Junior Seminary Chapel of St Aloysius and adjacent common room buildings were badly damaged in a suspected arson attack in July 2023.[15]

Heraldry

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The college armorial bearings are "Per pale dexter Argent a Cross Gules on a Canton Azure a Cross of St Cuthbert proper sinister impaling Allen Argent three Rabbits couchant in pale Sable."

Various emblems on shield represent the college's history and foundation, for example:-

  • Three coneys are from the family coat of arms of William Allen, the founder of English College, Douai. See Three hares.
  • The small cross of St Cuthbert represents the college's patron saint (it is modelled on St Cuthbert's own pectoral cross, which is kept in the Treasury at Durham Cathedral).
  • The large cross of St George honours the English Roman Catholic Martyrs.

Alumni

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Early drawing of Ushaw designed (1804–1808) by James Taylor
The Death of St Bede; the monastic clergy are wearing surplices over their cowls (original painting at St Cuthbert's College, Ushaw)
See also: Category:Alumni of Ushaw College

Clergy

Lay

List of presidents

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  • 1794–1810 Thomas Eyre
  • 1811–1828 John Gillow
  • 1828–1833 Thomas Youens
  • 1833–1836 John Briggs
  • 1836–1837 Thomas Youens
  • 1837–1863 Charles Newsham
  • 1863–1876 Robert Tate
  • 1876–1877 Francis Wilkinson
  • 1877–1878 James Chadwick
  • 1878–1885 William Wrennall
  • 1885–1886 William Dunderdale
  • 1886–1890 James Lennon
  • 1890–1909 Thomas Wilkinson
  • 1909–1910 Joseph Corbishley
  • 1910–1934 William Brown
  • 1934–1950 Charles Corbishley
  • 1950–1967 Paul Grant
  • 1967–1977 Philip Loftus
  • 1977–1984 Peter Cookson
  • 1984–1991 Peter Walton
  • 1991–1997 Richard Atherton
  • 1997–2003 James O’Keefe
  • 2003–2008 Terence Drainey
  • 2008–2011 John Marsland

References

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  1. ^ "Listed Buildings in Esh, Durham, England". British Listed Buildings. Retrieved 15 February 2017.
  2. ^ Elena Curti (5 September 2019). "Religious buildings and the heritage business". The Tablet.
  3. ^ a b "Accommodation & Estates Developments : CEM move to Ushaw - Durham University". www.dur.ac.uk. Retrieved 16 March 2021.
  4. ^ Gillow, Henry Chapels at Ushaw, with Historical Introduction (George Neasham, 1885) p. 55
  5. ^ Harris, Penelope, "The Architectural Achievement of Joseph Aloysius Hansom (1803–1882)", The Edwin Mellen Press, 2010, p.157, ISBN 0-7734-3851-3
  6. ^ Williams, Elaine (1 July 2002). "Turbulent priests". The Guardian. Retrieved 9 June 2017.
  7. ^ Administrator, journallive (9 October 2010). "Historic Ushaw College will close its doors". Retrieved 9 June 2017.
  8. ^ a b "Ushaw College and Durham University lighting an educational beacon - Durham University". www.dur.ac.uk. Retrieved 9 June 2017.
  9. ^ "Ushaw College and Durham University lighting an educational beacon - Durham University". www.dur.ac.uk. Retrieved 9 June 2017.
  10. ^ "News-Agreement for temporary move to Ushaw College / January - March / 2012 / News / Home / Catholic News - The Catholic Church for England and Wales". www.catholic-ew.org.uk. Retrieved 9 June 2017.
  11. ^ "Ushaw College Durham - News". Archived from the original on 4 February 2012. Retrieved 19 February 2012.
  12. ^ BBC news report
  13. ^ "Multi-million pound plans for new international residential research library at Ushaw College unveiled". Durham Advertiser. 2 February 2017. Retrieved 15 February 2017.
  14. ^ "Events". Ushaw College. Retrieved 15 February 2017.
  15. ^ "Funding for fire damaged chapel repair". BBC News. 4 April 2024.
  16. ^ Thompson, Nancy M. (2013). "Nineteenth-Century Art Worldwide: The Immaculate Conception Window in Santa Croce and the Catholic Revival in Nineteenth-Century Florence by Nancy M. Thompson". Nineteenth-Century Art Worldwide. 12 (1).
  17. ^ VOX, ed. (14 July 2007). "Charles Bruzon: From Priesthood To Parliament". Archived from the original on 7 January 2013. Retrieved 11 October 2012.
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