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Joe Bugner

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Joe Bugner
Bugner (left) during a boxing match
Born
József Kreul Bugner

(1950-03-13) 13 March 1950 (age 74)
Szőreg, Hungary
NationalityHungarian
British
Australian
Other namesAussie Joe
Statistics
Weight(s)Heavyweight
Height6 ft 4 in (1.93 m)
Reach82 in (208 cm)
StanceOrthodox
Boxing record
Total fights83
Wins69
Wins by KO41
Losses13
Draws1

József Kreul Bugner (born 13 March 1950) is a Hungarian born British–Australian former professional boxer who competed in the heavyweight division and actor. He holds triple nationality, originally being a citizen of Hungary and a naturalised citizen of both Australia and the United Kingdom. He unsuccessfully challenged Muhammad Ali for the heavyweight championship in 1975, losing by a unanimous decision. As an actor, he is best known for his role in the 1994 action film Street Fighter alongside Jean-Claude Van Damme and Raul Julia.[citation needed]

Born in Szőreg, a southeastern suburb of Szeged in southern Hungary, Bugner and his family fled after the 1956 Soviet invasion and settled in Britain. Standing at 6 ft 4 in (1.93 m) with a prime weight of 225 pounds (102 kg),[1] Bugner twice held the British and British Commonwealth heavyweight titles and was a three-time European heavyweight champion.[2] He was ranked among the world's top ten heavyweights of the 1970s, fighting such opponents as Muhammad Ali, Joe Frazier, Ron Lyle, Jimmy Ellis, Manuel Ramos, Chuck Wepner, Earnie Shavers, Henry Cooper, Brian London, Mac Foster, Rudie Lubbers, Eduardo Corletti, Jurgen Blin and George Johnson.[3] The Telegraph also ranked him among the top ten British heavyweight boxers of all time.[4]

Bugner retired from boxing in 1976 but made sporadic comebacks over the next two decades with varying success. He moved to Australia in 1986, adopting the nickname "Aussie Joe," beating fighters such as Greg Page, David Bey, Anders Eklund and James Tillis before retiring again after a TKO loss to Frank Bruno in 1987.[citation needed] He made a final comeback during the 1990s, winning the Australian heavyweight title in 1995 and the lightly regarded World Boxing Federation (WBF) heavyweight championship in 1998 at the age of 48 against James "Bonecrusher" Smith. He retired for the last time in 1999 with a final record of 69–13–1, including 43 wins by knockout.[citation needed]

Early years

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Bugner and his family fled to the United Kingdom in the late 1950s because of the Soviet Union's invasion of Hungary in 1956 after the Hungarian Uprising of that year.[5] Initially, he was one of about 80 refugees housed in the students' Hostel at Smedley's factory in Wisbech.[6] They settled in the Huntingdonshire town of St Ives near the Fens. So, as local custom dictated, he was known as a Fen Tiger. Bugner excelled in sports at school and was the national junior discus champion in 1964.[7] He lived and trained in Bedford during his early boxing years; he was a regular at Bedford Boys Club under the training of Paul King[8] and attended Goldington Road School in Bedford.[citation needed]

Boxing career

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1960s

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Throughout his brief amateur career, Bugner competed sixteen times, winning thirteen matches. On the recommendation of his then-trainer and buddy, Andy Smith, he became a professional in 1967 (at the very young age of 17). Smith was unhappy with the choice of Bugner's opponents and believed that he could better control the quality of his opponents if Bugner turned professional.[9] He had a losing debut against Paul Brown on 20 December 1967 at the London Hilton, where he suffered a TKO in the third round. Showing gritty determination after his debut, the teenage Bugner went on to win a remarkable 18 consecutive fights in under two years during 1968 and 1969 (including 13 stoppage victories) before narrowly losing to the older and vastly more experienced Dick Hall.[10] He bounced back and rounded off the 1960s with three further stoppage victories.[citation needed]

1970s

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In 1970 Bugner emerged internationally as an outstanding young prospect and was world-rated by the end of the year. He won nine consecutive bouts that year, including victories over well-known boxers such as Chuck Wepner, Manuel Ramos, Johnny Prescott, Brian London, Eduardo Corletti, Charley Polite, and George Johnson.[citation needed]

Bugner was now positioned to challenge world-rated Englishman Henry Cooper, who had nearly knocked out Muhammad Ali a few years previously, for Cooper's British, British Commonwealth and European titles. However, because Bugner was still too young to fight for the British Commonwealth title (the minimum age was twenty-one years old at the time), this much-anticipated bout had to be postponed until the following year. While waiting to come of age, in 1971, he defeated Carl Gizzi and drew with Bill Drover just weeks later and weeks before facing Cooper.

Bugner earned a reputation early in his professional years as a tough, durable but often exceptionally defensive and cautious boxer; he retained that image for the rest of his career. He was often criticised for lacking natural aggression in the ring. Some observers argued that Bugner's heart was never in boxing after an early opponent, Ulric Regis, died from brain injuries soon after being outpointed by Bugner at London's Shoreditch Town Hall. Many[who?] said that Bugner never punched his full weight after that.[opinion]

Defeat of Henry Cooper

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In March 1971, Bugner met veteran Cooper and won a fifteen-round decision. Bugner won the bout by the slimmest of margins, 1/4 point, on the card of the lone official, Harry Gibbs. The British sporting public and press were deeply divided about the verdict. Many felt that Cooper deserved the decision due to his steady aggression. But Bugner fought effectively on the defence and often scored with his left jab, and in the opinion of many[who?], was the rightful winner of the bout. The Times, among others, scored the fight in favour of Bugner. Still, the outcome of the bout is regarded as one of the most controversial in British boxing history.[citation needed]

Nonetheless, Bugner was now the British, British Commonwealth, and European champion, and for the first time, he was ranked among the world's top ten heavyweights. Bugner would remain in the world ratings for most of the 1970s.[citation needed]

Bugner retained his European title with a decision over tough German heavyweight Jürgen Blin.[citation needed] However, later in 1971, Bugner surprisingly lost decisions to underdogs Jack Bodell and Larry Middleton; sandwiched between these losses was a victory over Mike Boswell. The Bodell fight was particularly costly, depriving Bugner of his British, British Commonwealth and European championships. Bugner's relative inexperience, his youth and lack of an extensive amateur background were the chief causes of these defeats.[citation needed]

In 1972 Bugner won eight consecutive fights, including a knockout over Jürgen Blin for the European championship. By the end of this, Bugner demonstrated much-improved ring ability and acquired enough experience that his manager began seeking matches against the world's best heavyweights.[citation needed]

Prime years

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Bugner began 1973 by retaining his European belt with a victory over the capable Dutchman Rudie Lubbers. The 23-year-old Bugner then lost twelve-round decisions to Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier. Despite being clearly defeated, Bugner fought well and won the respect of the boxing media and the public alike. After their bout, Ali declared that Bugner was capable of being world champion.[11] Ali's trainer Angelo Dundee later echoed that sentiment.[12] The fight with Frazier in July 1973 at Earls Court in London was deemed a classic. After being knocked down by a tremendous left hook in the tenth round, Bugner arose and staggered Frazier to close the round. Frazier took the decision, but only narrowly, and arguably only George Foreman and Muhammad Ali ever gave Frazier a harder fight. Many regard the Frazier bout as being Bugner's best career performance.

After the Ali and Frazier fights, Bugner won eight bouts in a row, his most notable victories being over ex-WBA world heavyweight champion Jimmy Ellis, and Mac Foster. By the end of 1974, Bugner was rated among the top five heavyweight contenders in the world.

Bugner challenged Muhammad Ali for the world championship in June 1975, the bout being held in Kuala Lumpur, with Ali winning a relatively one-sided fifteen-round decision. Bugner performed fairly well but maintained a strictly defensive posture throughout most of the fight, perhaps due to the blistering tropical heat, and as a result, he was widely scorned by the media and public. In an interview during an April 2008 reunion with Henry Cooper, Bugner defended his tactics in the Ali fight as having been necessary due to the extreme temperature and humidity of the outside venue.[citation needed]

Regains British, European & Commonwealth titles

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Early in 1976, Bugner announced his retirement from boxing, stating that he no longer felt motivated to fight professionally.[citation needed] Within months however he returned to the ring, expressing disgust at Richard Dunn's performance against Ali and in October, he blasted out Richard Dunn in the first round to reclaim the British, British Commonwealth and European championships. Onlookers state that they had never seen Bugner angry before and that while Dunn's supporters had waged a quite unsportsmanlike campaign against Bugner, if he had fought like that in his earlier career, he could have gone further.[citation needed]

In 1977, Bugner lost a close twelve-round decision away from home to top contender Ron Lyle. The scores were 57–53 and 56–54 for Lyle against 55–54 for Bugner. After this bout, Bugner again retired, making only sporadic comebacks to the ring over the next decades.[citation needed]

1980s

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Bugner returned to the ring for brief periods in the 1980s and 1990s but was never as effective as he had been during his prime due to his age and inactivity.[citation needed]

After a three-year absence from the ring, Bugner returned in May 1980, knocking out fringe contender Gilberto Acuna, before promptly retiring again. In 1982, a ring-rusty Bugner (having had only one short fight in five years and weighing in some 25 lbs above his prime fighting weight) fought the hard-hitting top contender Earnie Shavers, but was stopped in the second round due to a badly cut eye. However, Bugner decided to continue his comeback, stopping the useful John Denis and fringe contender Danny Sutton, as well as domestic contenders Winston Allen and Eddie Neilson. In 1983, a subdued and unmotivated Bugner lost to Marvis Frazier, showing little ambition throughout the bout. He followed this with a decision over future European champion Anders Eklund and a controversial loss to future world title challenger Steffen Tangstad. Bugner appeared to have done enough to win the Tangstad fight, however, like with the Frazier and Eklund bouts, he appeared unmotivated and uninterested throughout.[citation needed]

Comeback in Australia

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In 1986 Bugner moved to Australia, where he adopted the nickname Aussie Joe after becoming an Australian citizen.[13] In Australia, Bugner launched a fairly successful comeback, earning good victories over world title contenders James Tillis and David Bey and an impressive victory over former WBA heavyweight champion Greg Page, gaining a world ranking in the process, after which he spoke of challenging reigning heavyweight champion Mike Tyson.[14] However, there was great clamour for a fight with fellow Briton Frank Bruno. The bout was touted as the biggest all-British heavyweight bout since Cooper Vs Bugner in 1971. The bout took place on 24 October 1987, and Bugner suffered an eighth-round TKO loss to the much younger and fresher world title contender for the Commonwealth championship in front of a huge crowd at White Hart Lane football stadium. Bugner promptly retired again following this defeat, only his third stoppage defeat in 20 years.[citation needed]

1990s

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Inspired by the 45-year-old George Foreman's recapture of the heavyweight title, Bugner made a final comeback in 1995, beating Vince Cervi to win the Australian heavyweight title, followed by a win over West Turner. Bugner then fought fellow Briton and world title contender Scott Welch for the WBO Intercontinental Heavyweight Title. Welch proved too young and fresh for the now 46-year-old Bugner, handing him a TKO defeat in the 6th round.[citation needed]

Bugner continued to fight on against far younger opponents. In 1996 he defeated the respectable Young Haumona for the Pacific and Australasian Heavyweight title, retained it against Waisiki Ligaloa in 1997, added the Australian title by defeating the tough Colin Wilson and defending both titles against Bob Mirovic in 1998.[citation needed]

In 1998 Bugner's long-term tenacity finally gave him a world crown, albeit a lightly regarded title - the WBF version of the heavyweight crown - by defeating former WBA World Heavyweight Champion James "Bonecrusher" Smith. At the age of 48 years and 110 days, it made him the oldest ever boxer to hold a minor championship belt.[15][16]

Bugner fought just once more. In June 1999, at the age of 49, he defeated the durable fringe contender Levi Billups, who was disqualified for low blows.[17]

Fight record

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His record for 83 professional fights is 69 wins (41 on knockouts), 13 Losses and 1 Draw.[17]

In an interview in 2004, Bugner said that the hardest puncher he had ever faced was Earnie Shavers and the biggest beating he took was from Ron Lyle.[18]

Life outside boxing

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After moving to Australia, Bugner and his wife, Marlene, opened a vineyard. It failed in 1989, and he lost an estimated two million Australian dollars.[13] He now lives in Brisbane, Queensland.

Bugner has worked in the film industry. During the 1970s, he appeared in one of several PSAs themed Be Smart, Be Safe; these dealt with instructing children on how to safely cross a road or a street. In 1979 Bugner featured in an Italian film, Io sto con gli ippopotami with Bud Spencer and Terence Hill, he worked with Bud Spencer in his films in the 1980s. He worked as the expert adviser on the Russell Crowe film, Cinderella Man, which was a film about the heavyweight boxer James J. Braddock.[19] Bugner was dropped part way through the project, which prompted him to call Crowe, "a gutless worm and a f*****g girl".[20][21]

Bugner suffers from a serious back injury he sustained from training for fights in his middle years. He also has financial problems. These financial problems prompted him to re-enter the ring at such an advanced age. A benefit was held for Bugner in 2008 by Kevin Lueshing.[22]

In November 2009, Bugner replaced Camilla Dallerup on day 4 of the British TV show I'm A Celebrity Get Me Out Of Here!. He left the show on day 16 after losing a bushtucker trial called 'Jungle Jail' to fellow celebrity Stuart Manning.[citation needed]

Bugner has three children, James, Joe Jr., and Amy, from his ex-wife Melody.[23]

Bugner's autobiography, Joe Bugner – My Story, was published by New Holland Publishing (Australia) in November 2013.[24]

Professional boxing record

[edit]
83 fights 69 wins 13 losses
By knockout 41 4
By decision 26 9
By disqualification 2 0
Draws 1
No. Result Record Opponent Type Round, time Date Location Notes
83 Win 69-13-1 Levi Billups DQ 9 1999-06-13 Broadbeach, Australia
82 Win 68-13-1 James Smith TKO 1 1998-07-04 Carrara, Australia Won vacant WBF (Federation) heavyweight title
81 Win 67-13-1 Bob Mirovic SD 12 1998-04-20 Carrara, Australia Retained Australian heavyweight title;
Won vacant PABA heavyweight title
80 Win 66-13-1 Colin Wilson UD 12 1998-01-13 Broadbeach, Australia Won Australian heavyweight title
79 Win 65-13-1 Waisiki Ligaloa TKO 7 1997-06-03 Southport, Australia Retained PABA heavyweight title
78 Win 64-13-1 Young Haumona KO 5 1996-07-05 Carrara, Australia Won vacant PABA heavyweight title
77 Loss 63-13-1 Scott Welch TKO 6 1996-03-16 Berlin, Germany For vacant WBO Inter-Continental heavyweight title
76 Win 63-12-1 West Turner KO 3 1996-02-02 Perth, Australia
75 Win 62-12-1 Vince Cervi UD 12 1995-09-22 Carrara, Australia Won Australian heavyweight title
74 Loss 61-12-1 Frank Bruno TKO 8 1987-10-24 White Hart Lane, London
73 Win 61-11-1 Greg Page UD 10 1987-07-24 Sydney, Australia
72 Win 60-11-1 David Bey UD 10 1986-11-14 Sydney, Australia
71 Win 59-11-1 James Tillis PTS 10 1986-09-15 Sydney, Australia
70 Loss 58-11-1 Steffen Tangstad SD 10 1984-02-18 Copenhagen, Denmark
69 Win 58-10-1 Anders Eklund MD 10 1984-01-13 Randers, Denmark
68 Loss 57-10-1 Marvis Frazier UD 10 1983-06-04 Atlantic City, New Jersey
67 Win 57-9-1 Danny Sutton TKO 9 1983-04-20 Muswell Hill, London
66 Win 56-9-1 John Dino Denis TKO 3 1983-02-16 Wood Green, London
65 Win 55-9-1 Eddie Neilson TKO 5 1982-12-09 Bloomsbury, London
64 Win 54-9-1 Winston Allen KO 3 1982-10-28 Bloomsbury, London
63 Loss 53-9-1 Earnie Shavers TKO 2 1982-05-08 Reunion Arena, Dallas
62 Win 53-8-1 Gilberto Acuna TKO 6 1980-08-23 Inglewood, California
61 Loss 52-8-1 Ron Lyle SD 12 1977-03-20 Caesars Palace, Nevada
60 Won 52-7-1 Richard Dunn KO 1 1976-10-12 Wembley, London Won European, British, and Commonwealth heavyweight titles
59 Loss 51-7-1 Muhammad Ali UD 15 1975-07-01[25] Merdeka Stadium, Kuala Lumpur For, WBA, WBC, and The Ring heavyweight titles
58 Win 51-6-1 Dante Cane TKO 5 1975-02-28 Bologna, Italy Retained European heavyweight title
57 Win 50-6-1 Santiago Alberto Lovell TKO 2 1974-12-03 Royal Albert Hall, London
56 Win 49-6-1 Jimmy Ellis PTS 10 1974-11-12 Wembley, London
55 Win 48-6-1 Jose Luis Garcia KO 2 1974-10-01 Wembley, London
54 Win 47-6-1 Piermario Baruzzi TKO 10 1974-05-29 Copenhagen, Denmark Retained European heavyweight title
53 Win 46-6-1 Pat Duncan PTS 10 1974-03-12 Wembley, London
52 Win 45-6-1 Mac Foster PTS 10 1973-11-13 Wembley, London
51 Win 44-6-1 Giuseppe Ros PTS 15 1973-10-02 Royal Albert Hall, London Retained European heavyweight title
50 Loss 43-6-1 Joe Frazier PTS 12 1973-07-02 Earls Court, London
49 Loss 43-5-1 Muhammad Ali UD 12 1973-02-14 Las Vegas, Nevada
48 Win 43-4-1 Rudie Lubbers UD 15 1973-01-16 Royal Albert Hall, London Retained European heavyweight title
47 Win 42-4-1 Dante Cane TKO 6 1972-11-28 Ice Rink, Nottingham
46 Win 41-4-1 Tony Doyle TKO 8 1972-11-14 Wembley, London
45 Win 40-4-1 Jürgen Blin KO 8 1972-10-10 Royal Albert Hall, London Won European heavyweight title
44 Win 39-4-1 Paul Nielsen TKO 6 1972-07-19 Croke Park, Dublin
43 Win 38-4-1 Doug Kirk TKO 5 1972-06-06 Royal Albert Hall, London
42 Win 37-4-1 Marc Hans TKO 3 1972-05-09 Wembley, London
41 Win 36-4-1 Leroy Caldwell DQ 5 1972-04-25 Royal Albert Hall, London
40 Win 35-4-1 Brian O'Melia TKO 2 1972-03-28 Wembley, London
39 Loss 34-4-1 Larry Middleton PTS 10 1971-11-24 Ice Rink, Nottingham
38 Win 34-3-1 Mike Boswell UD 10 1971-11-17 Houston, Texas
37 Loss 33-3-1 Jack Bodell PTS 15 1971-09-27 Wembley, London Lost European, British, and Commonwealth heavyweight titles
36 Win 33-2-1 Jürgen Blin PTS 15 1971-05-11 Wembley, London Retained European heavyweight title
35 Win 32-2-1 Henry Cooper PTS 15 1971-03-16 Wembley, London Won European, British, and Commonwealth heavyweight titles
34 Draw 31-2-1 Bill Drover PTS 10 1971-02-10 Bethnal Green, London
33 Win 31-2 Carl Gizzi PTS 10 1971-01-19 Royal Albert Hall, London
32 Win 30-2 Miguel Angel Paez TKO 3 1970-12-08 Royal Albert Hall, London
31 Win 29-2 George Johnson PTS 10 1970-11-03 Royal Albert Hall, London
30 Win 28-2 Hector Eduardo Corletti PTS 10 1970-10-06 Royal Albert Hall, London
29 Win 27-2 Chuck Wepner TKO 3 1970-09-08 Wembley, London
28 Win 26-2 Brian London TKO 5 1970-05-12 Wembley, London
27 Win 25-2 Ray Patterson PTS 8 1970-04-21 Royal Albert Hall, London
26 Win 24-2 Manuel Ramos PTS 4 1970-03-24 Wembley, London
25 Win 23-2 Roberto Davila TKO 4 1970-02-10 Picadilly, London
24 Win 22-2 Johnny Prescott PTS 8 1970-01-20 Royal Albert Hall, London
23 Win 21-2 Charley Polite TKO 3 1969-12-09 Royal Albert Hall, London
22 Win 20-2 Eddie Talhami TKO 4 1969-11-11 Royal Albert Hall, London
21 Win 19-2 Phil Smith TKO 2 1969-10-14 Royal Albert Hall, London
20 Loss 18-2 Dick Hall PTS 8 1969-08-04 Hotel Piccadilly, Manchester
19 Win 18-1 Moses Harrell PTS 8 1969-06-09 Belle Vue, Manchester
18 Win 17-1 Tony Ventura PTS 8 1969-05-20 Royal Albert Hall, London
17 Win 16-1 Jack O'Halloran PTS 8 1969-04-15 Royal Albert Hall, London
16 Win 15-1 Lion Ven TKO 5 1969-03-25 Wembley, London
15 Win 14-1 Ulric Regis PTS 8 1969-03-11 Shoreditch, London
14 Win 13-1 Terry Feeley TKO 1 1969-02-25 Royal Albert Hall, London
13 Win 12-1 Rudolph Vaughan TKO 2 1969-01-21 Kensington, London
12 Win 11-1 George Dulaire TKO 4 1968-12-19 Bethnal Green, London
11 Win 10-1 Gene Innocent TKO 3 1968-11-12 Wembley, London
10 Win 9-1 Paul Brown TKO 3 1968-11-04 Connaught Rooms, London
9 Win 8-1 Vic Moore TKO 1 1968-10-08 Royal Albert Hall, London
8 Win 7-1 Obe Hepburn TKO 1 1968-08-18 Wembley, London
7 Win 6-1 Paul Brown TKO 4 1968-05-28 Royal Albert Hall, London
6 Win 5-1 Billy Wynter PTS 6 1968-05-21 Bethnal Green, London
5 Win 4-1 Mick Oliver RTD 3 1968-05-06 Mayfair, London
4 Win 3-1 Bert Johnson KO 3 1968-03-26 Bethnal Green, London
3 Win 2-1 Jim McIlvaney TKO 2 1968-02-27 Bethnal Green, London
2 Win 1-1 Paul Cassidy TKO 2 1968-01-30 Bethnal Green, London
1 Loss 0-1 Paul Brown KO 3 1967-12-20 Mayfair, London

Exhibition boxing record

[edit]
2 fights 0 wins 0 losses
Non-scored 2
No. Result Record Opponent Type Round, time Date Location Notes
2 — 0–0 (2) United States Muhammad Ali — ? Feb 8, 1979 New Zealand Western Springs, Auckland, New Zealand Non-scored bout
1 — 0–0 (1) United States Muhammad Ali — ? Dec 3, 1974 United Kingdom Royal Albert Hall, London, England Non-scored bout

References

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  1. ^ William Oscar Johnson (25 May 1987). "Joe Bugner is Down Under looking for a title shot - 05.25.87 - SI Vault". Sportsillustrated.cnn.com. Archived from the original on 3 April 2010. Retrieved 25 October 2012.
  2. ^ Roger Bamber (25 May 1987). "Joe Bugner the Hungarian born British heavyweight champion boxer, kissing his wife". Alarmy. Retrieved 27 June 2023.
  3. ^ Mike Goodpaster (14 November 2022). "Top 10 Heavyweight of the 1970s". The Grueling Truth. Retrieved 27 June 2023.
  4. ^ Gareth A. Davies (24 April 2017). "Top 10 British Heavyweight Boxers of All Time". The Telegraph. Retrieved 27 June 2023.
  5. ^ "Joe Bugner - Boxrec Boxing Encyclopaedia". Boxrec.com. 28 March 2012. Retrieved 25 October 2012.
  6. ^ Smedley, Michael (1991). "Smedley's in Wisbech". Annual Report. 52. Wisbech Society: 7–11.
  7. ^ Ruff, David. "Joe Bugner Keeps on Coming Back - Interview". doghouseboxing.com. Retrieved 5 July 2014.
  8. ^ https://web.archive.org/web/20150924095146/http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4158/is_19960714/ai_n14057582. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. {{cite news}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  9. ^ [1] Archived 11 October 2007 at the Wayback Machine
  10. ^ "Joe Bugner : Boxer". Boxrec.com. Archived from the original on 17 November 2002. Retrieved 25 October 2012.
  11. ^ "Ali In A World Of His Own". Sports Illustrated. 26 February 1973. Archived from the original on 25 October 2012. Retrieved 24 November 2009.
  12. ^ "The Next Stop Is Costa Rica". Sports Illustrated. 1 March 1976. Archived from the original on 25 October 2012. Retrieved 24 November 2009.
  13. ^ a b "Article Two – August 1999". Boxing Monthly. Archived from the original on 20 June 2012. Retrieved 25 October 2012.
  14. ^ "Scorecard". Sports Illustrated. 3 August 1987. Archived from the original on 25 October 2012. Retrieved 26 November 2009.
  15. ^ [2] Archived 21 August 2007 at the Wayback Machine
  16. ^ [3] Archived 13 October 2004 at the Wayback Machine
  17. ^ a b "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 24 January 2007.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  18. ^ "Interview with Joe Bugner". Eastsideboxing.com. 18 February 2004. Archived from the original on 30 July 2012. Retrieved 25 October 2012.
  19. ^ "Russell Crowe | Crowe Gets Boxing Lessons". Contactmusic.com. 12 August 2003. Retrieved 25 October 2012.
  20. ^ Broadbent, Rick (15 November 2004). "Cinderella Man who went to the ball and conquered". The Times. London. Archived from the original on 4 June 2011. Retrieved 6 May 2010.
  21. ^ "Five still fighting at forty". The Guardian. London. 7 May 2006. Retrieved 6 May 2010.
  22. ^ "Ten things you need to know about new I'm a Celebrity contestant Joe Bugner". Daily Mirror. 18 November 2009.
  23. ^ The Mirror 26 November 2009 Joe Bugner: Having the boxer as a dad made my life hell, says his son James
  24. ^ Bugner, Joe; Mullins, Stuart (2013). My Story. New Holland. ISBN 978-1-74257-458-5.
  25. ^ "ESPN Classic – Muhammad Ali's ring record". www.espn.com. Retrieved 6 July 2021.
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