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Lincoln County, Oregon

Coordinates: 44°38′N 123°55′W / 44.64°N 123.91°W / 44.64; -123.91
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Lincoln County
County
Lincoln County Courthouse in Newport
Lincoln County Courthouse in Newport
Flag of Lincoln County
Flag
Map of Oregon highlighting Lincoln County
Location within the U.S. state of Oregon
Map of the United States highlighting Oregon
Oregon's location within the U.S.
Coordinates: 44°38′N 123°55′W / 44.64°N 123.91°W / 44.64; -123.91
Country United States
State Oregon
FoundedFebruary 20, 1893
Named forAbraham Lincoln
SeatNewport
Largest cityNewport
Area
 • Total1,194 sq mi (3,090 km2)
 • Land980 sq mi (2,500 km2)
 • Water214 sq mi (550 km2)  18%
Population
 (2020)
 • Total50,395
 • Estimate 
(2023)
50,821 Increase
 • Density47/sq mi (18/km2)
Time zoneUTC−8 (Pacific)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−7 (PDT)
Congressional district4th
Websitewww.co.lincoln.or.us
Map of Lincoln County
Map of Lincoln County

Lincoln County is one of the 36 counties in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2020 census, its population was 50,395.[1] The county seat is Newport.[2] The county is named for Abraham Lincoln, 16th president of the United States.[3]

Lincoln County includes the Newport, Oregon Micropolitan Statistical Area.

History

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Lincoln County was created by the Oregon Legislative Assembly on February 20, 1893, from the western portion of Benton and Polk counties. The county adjusted its boundaries in 1923, 1925, 1927, 1931, and 1949.

At the time of the county's creation, Toledo was picked as the temporary county seat. In 1896 it was chosen as the permanent county seat. Three elections were held to determine if the county seat should be moved from Toledo to Newport. Twice these votes failed—in 1928 and 1938. In 1954, however, the vote went in Newport's favor. While Toledo has remained the industrial hub of Lincoln County, the city has never regained the position it once had.

Like Tillamook County to the north, for the first decades of its existence Lincoln County was isolated from the rest of the state. This was solved with the construction of U.S. Route 101 (completed in 1925), and the Salmon River Highway (completed in 1930). In 1936, as some of many federally funded construction projects during the Great Depression, bridges were constructed across the bays at Waldport, Newport, and Siletz, eliminating the ferries needed to cross these bays.

The northern part of Lincoln County includes the Siletz Reservation, created by treaty in 1855. The reservation was open to non-Indian settlement between 1895 and 1925. The Siletz's tribal status was terminated by the federal government in 1954, but in 1977 it became the first Oregon tribe to have its tribal status reinstated. The current reservation totals 3,666 acres (14.84 km2).

In 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic, Lincoln County issued a face mask directive which exempted "people of color". After county officials were overwhelmed with criticism, the exemption was rescinded.[4]

Economy

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Principal industries of the county are travel (primarily tourism), trade, health services and construction.[5][6] Paper manufacturing and fishing are still important although they contribute proportionally less to the county's employment than they used to.[citation needed] Newport is one of the two major fishing ports of Oregon (along with Astoria) that ranks in the top twenty of fishing ports in the U.S.[citation needed] Its port averaged 105 million pounds (48,000 t) of fish landed in 1997–2000.[citation needed] Newport is home of Oregon State University's Hatfield Marine Science Center, as well as the Oregon Coast Aquarium, and their fleet of ocean-going vessels.

Many of the other communities in Lincoln county depend on tourism as their principal source of income.[citation needed] The county's average nonfarm employment was 18,820 in 2007.[citation needed]

Geography

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According to the United States Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1,194 square miles (3,090 km2), of which 980 square miles (2,500 km2) is land and 214 square miles (550 km2) (18%) is water.[7]

Adjacent counties

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National protected areas

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Demographics

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Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
19003,575—
19105,58756.3%
19206,0848.9%
19309,90362.8%
194014,54946.9%
195021,30846.5%
196024,63515.6%
197025,7554.5%
198035,26436.9%
199038,88910.3%
200044,47914.4%
201046,0343.5%
202050,3959.5%
2023 (est.)50,821[8]0.8%
U.S. Decennial Census[9]
1790–1960[10] 1900–1990[11]
1990–2000[12] 2010–2020[1]

2020 census

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As of the 2020 census, there were 50,395 people, and 22,093 households in the county.[1] The population density was 51.4 people per square mile. There were 32,339 housing units in the county. The racial makeup of the county was 89.1% white, 0.9% African American, 4.1% American Indian, 1.5% Asian, 0.2% Pacific Islander, and 4.1% two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 10.0% of the population.[1]

The average household size was 2.23. 84.5% of the population were living in the same house a year earlier. 7.2% of the county's people spoke a language other than English at home. The gender ratio is 51.5% female and 48.5% male.[1]

The median household income in the county was $54,961 and the per capita income was $32,776. 15.2% of the county's population was in poverty.[1]

2010 census

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As of the 2010 census, there were 46,034 people, 20,550 households, and 12,372 families living in the county.[13] The population density was 47.0 inhabitants per square mile (18.1/km2). There were 30,610 housing units at an average density of 31.2 units per square mile (12.0 units/km2).[14] The racial makeup of the county was 87.7% white, 3.5% American Indian, 1.1% Asian, 0.4% black or African American, 0.1% Pacific islander, 3.4% from other races, and 3.7% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 7.9% of the population.[13] In terms of ancestry, 23.5% were German, 22.0% were English, 14.6% were Irish, and 4.6% were American.[15]

Of the 20,550 households, 21.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.3% were married couples living together, 9.6% had a female householder with no husband present, 39.8% were non-families, and 31.2% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.20 and the average family size was 2.70. The median age was 49.6 years.[13]

The median income for a household in the county was $39,738 and the median income for a family was $52,730. Males had a median income of $42,416 versus $31,690 for females. The per capita income for the county was $24,354. About 11.7% of families and 16.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 21.7% of those under age 18 and 8.8% of those age 65 or over.[16]

2000 census

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As of the 2000 census, there were 44,479 people, 19,296 households, and 12,252 families living in the county. The population density was 45 people per square mile (17 people/km2). There were 26,889 housing units at an average density of 27 units per square mile (10/km2). The racial makeup of the county was 90.59% White, 0.30% Black or African American, 3.14% Native American, 0.93% Asian, 0.16% Pacific Islander, 1.66% from other races, and 3.23% from two or more races. 4.76% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 16.8% were of German, 13.5% English, 10.8% Irish and 8.5% American ancestry.

There were 19,296 households, out of which 24.40% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.50% were married couples living together, 10.00% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.50% were non-families. 29.30% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.70% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.27 and the average family size was 2.75.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 21.40% under the age of 18, 6.50% from 18 to 24, 23.50% from 25 to 44, 29.00% from 45 to 64, and 19.50% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 44 years. For every 100 females there were 94.00 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.10 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $32,769, and the median income for a family was $39,403. Males had a median income of $32,407 versus $22,622 for females. The per capita income for the county was $18,692. About 9.80% of families and 13.90% of the population were below the poverty line, including 19.50% of those under age 18 and 7.20% of those age 65 or over.

Politics

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In its early history, Lincoln County, like almost all of Western Oregon during the era, was very solidly Republican. It was won by the Republican presidential nominee in every election from its creation up to and including 1928, even voting for William Howard Taft in 1912 when his party was divided.[17] Since Franklin Delano Roosevelt became the first Democrat to carry the county in 1932, Lincoln has become a strongly Democratic-leaning county. The only Republicans to win Lincoln County since the Great Depression transformed its politics have been Dwight D. Eisenhower, Richard Nixon and Ronald Reagan, who each carried the county twice. With the exception of 1968 (in which the county only backed Nixon by 22 votes), all of these post-Depression Republican wins in Lincoln County occurred during landslide victories for Republicans across the nation. Starting in 1988, Lincoln County has since remained reliably Democratic, backing Democratic candidates for president often by double digit margins.

In the United States House of Representatives, Lincoln County lies within Oregon's 4th congressional district, represented by Democrat Val Hoyle. In the Oregon House of Representatives, Lincoln County is in the 10th District, which is represented by Democrat David Gomberg. In the Oregon State Senate, Lincoln County is in the 5th District, represented by Republican Dick Anderson.

Lincoln County is currently one of 11 counties in Oregon in which therapeutic psilocybin is legal.

United States presidential election results for Lincoln County, Oregon[18][19]
Year Republican Democratic Third party(ies)
No.  % No.  % No.  %
2020 12,460 40.55% 17,385 56.58% 881 2.87%
2016 10,039 39.75% 12,501 49.50% 2,716 10.75%
2012 8,686 37.79% 13,401 58.31% 897 3.90%
2008 8,791 36.80% 14,258 59.68% 840 3.52%
2004 10,160 41.77% 13,753 56.54% 412 1.69%
2000 8,446 39.99% 10,861 51.43% 1,811 8.58%
1996 6,717 32.60% 10,552 51.21% 3,338 16.20%
1992 5,716 26.43% 9,603 44.41% 6,304 29.15%
1988 7,364 42.22% 9,598 55.02% 481 2.76%
1984 9,110 51.17% 8,637 48.51% 57 0.32%
1980 7,637 44.59% 7,009 40.92% 2,481 14.49%
1976 5,755 43.60% 6,685 50.65% 759 5.75%
1972 6,112 51.56% 5,117 43.17% 625 5.27%
1968 5,031 47.02% 5,009 46.82% 659 6.16%
1964 3,200 31.00% 7,101 68.79% 22 0.21%
1960 5,231 49.90% 5,243 50.01% 9 0.09%
1956 5,346 53.62% 4,624 46.38% 0 0.00%
1952 5,559 60.08% 3,632 39.26% 61 0.66%
1948 3,587 46.85% 3,720 48.59% 349 4.56%
1944 2,801 48.19% 2,947 50.70% 65 1.12%
1940 2,962 45.12% 3,510 53.47% 93 1.42%
1936 1,585 31.44% 3,024 59.98% 433 8.59%
1932 1,415 35.39% 2,376 59.43% 207 5.18%
1928 2,100 57.33% 1,464 39.97% 99 2.70%
1924 1,328 52.20% 641 25.20% 575 22.60%
1920 1,229 59.09% 669 32.16% 182 8.75%
1916 1,167 50.87% 915 39.89% 212 9.24%
1912 410 31.08% 375 28.43% 534 40.49%
1908 595 58.51% 282 27.73% 140 13.77%
1904 581 64.84% 179 19.98% 136 15.18%

Communities

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Lincoln Beach, Oregon, Fishing Rock with Rabbit Rock in background

Cities

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Census-designated places

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Unincorporated communities

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c d e f "State & County QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved May 17, 2023.
  2. ^ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
  3. ^ Gannett, Henry (1905). The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States. U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 187.
  4. ^ Ross, Erin (June 28, 2020). "How Internet Outrage Led to A Change In Lincoln County's Face Mask Policy". OPB.
  5. ^ Oregon Labor Market Information System
  6. ^ Bureau of Economic Analysis
  7. ^ "2010 Census Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. August 22, 2012. Retrieved February 26, 2015.
  8. ^ "Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Counties: April 1, 2020 to July 1, 2023". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved March 24, 2024.
  9. ^ "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved February 26, 2015.
  10. ^ "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Retrieved February 26, 2015.
  11. ^ Forstall, Richard L., ed. (March 27, 1995). "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved February 26, 2015.
  12. ^ "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. April 2, 2001. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 26, 2015. Retrieved February 26, 2015.
  13. ^ a b c "DP-1 Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved February 23, 2016.
  14. ^ "Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 - County". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved February 23, 2016.
  15. ^ "DP02 SELECTED SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS IN THE UNITED STATES – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved February 23, 2016.
  16. ^ "DP03 SELECTED ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved February 23, 2016.
  17. ^ Menendez, Albert J.; The Geography of Presidential Elections in the United States, 1868-2004, pp. 284-285 ISBN 0786422173
  18. ^ Leip, David. "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved April 11, 2018.
  19. ^ The leading "other" candidate, Progressive Theodore Roosevelt, received 265 votes, while Socialist Eugene Debs received 227 votes, Prohibition candidate Eugene Chafin received 42 votes.
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44°38′N 123°55′W / 44.64°N 123.91°W / 44.64; -123.91

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