Arame of Urartu
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| Arame | |
|---|---|
| King of Urartu | |
| Reign | 858–844 BC |
| Predecessor | Kingdom established |
| Successor | Lutipri or Sarduri I |
Arame or Aramu ((Ruled 858–844 BC) was the first known king of Urartu.[1]
Living at the time of King Shalmaneser III of Assyria (ruled 859–824 BC), Arame fought against the threat of the Assyrian Empire. His capital at Arzashkun was captured by Shalmaneser.[2] Sagunia, a previous capital, which was also captured by Shalamaneser, seems to have been located in the vicinity of Lake Van[3][4][5] or Lake Urmia.[6][7]
Arame has been suggested as the prototype of both Aram (and, correspondingly the popular given name Aram)[8] and Ara the Beautiful, two of the legendary forefathers of the Armenian people.[9] Khorenatsi's History (1.5) puts them six and seven generations after Haik,[10] in the chronology of historian Mikayel Chamchian dated to the 19th to 18th century BC.
The name Arame is likely an Armenian name originally derived from Proto-Indo-European *rēmo-, meaning "black".[11] The name is likely etymologically related to Hindu Rama.[12]
He is not to be confused with another king Aramu (also known as Adramu and Atarsamek) who ruled at the same time in Bit Agusi and also fought Shalemaneser III.
See also
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References
- ^ History in Africa, Volume 2, p. 93. African Studies Association., 1975.
- ^ The Ancient Assyrians - Page 12 by Mark Healy
- ^ Robert Rollinger. "From Sargon of Agade and the Assyrian Kings to Khusrau I and Beyond". p. 727. 2012. https://www.academia.edu/1817630/Robert_Rollinger_From_Sargon_of_Agade_and_the_Assyrian_Kings_to_Khusrau_I_and_beyond_on_the_persistence_of_Ancient_Near_Eastern_Traditions_In_Giovanni_B_Lanfranchi_Daniele_Morandi_Bonacossi_C_Pappi_Simonetta_Ponchia_Eds_LEGGO_Studies_presented_to_Prof_Frederick_Mario_Fales_on_the_Occasion_of_his_65th_Birthday_Leipziger_Altorientalische_Studien_2_Wiesbaden_Harrassowitz_2012_725_743
- ^ John Boardman, ed. The Cambridge Ancient History (3rd Edition). Cambridge University Press. 1982. p. 334. https://archive.org/stream/iB_Ca/03-01_djvu.txt
- ^ Mack Chahin. The Kingdom of Armenia: New Edition. Routledge. 2001. https://books.google.com/books?id=uXj_AQAAQBAJ&dq=sugunia+urartu&pg=PT60
- ^ Trevor Bryce. The Routledge Handbook of the Peoples and Places of Ancient Western Asia. Taylor & Francis. p. 665. 2009.
- ^ Kamal-Aldin Niknami, Ali Hozhabri, eds. Archaeology of Iran in the Historical Period. p. 41. 2020.
- ^ "Արամ" in H. Ačaṙean (1926-35), Hayocʿ Anjnanunneri Baṙaran (Yerevan: Yerevan State University), 2nd ed., 1942-62
- ^ Lang (1970), p. 85.
- ^ Авдиев В. И. «История Древнего Востока», М.: «Высшая школа», 1970, с. 419 420.
- ^ Petrosyan, Armen The Indo-European and Ancient Near Eastern Sources of the Armenian Epic [1] (2002) pp. 73.
- ^ Petrosyan, Armen. Toward the Origins of the Armenian People: The Problem of the Identification of the Proto-Armenians: A Critical Review [2] (2007). pp. 31.
- David Marshall Lang, Armenia: Cradle of Civilization (1970).
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